{"id":"4n62ivt","internal_id":"00e4845c-266d-405e-9884-66ae4a36a0e3","links":{"img_thumbnail":"https://digital.sciencehistory.org/downloads/deriv/is6kn9e/thumb_large_2X?disposition=inline","html_self":"https://digital.sciencehistory.org/works/4n62ivt"},"title":"Harold (Hal) Fox and Ken Shoulders presentations on alternative energy research","additional_title":[],"format":["moving_image"],"genre":["Video recordings"],"medium":["VHS"],"extent":["2H 10M 03S"],"language":["English"],"provenance":"","subject":["Renewable energy sources","Cold fusion","Nuclear physics","Radiation","Radioactive waste disposal"],"department":"Archives","series_arrangement":["Series IX. Audio-Visual Materials"],"rights":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-RUU/1.0/","rights_holder":"","digitization_funder":"","file_creator":"Newhouse, Sarah","description":"These presentations are from an unnamed gathering of researchers interested in alternative energy sources, held in 1997. Hal Fox discusses the history of cold fusion research in the United States, including its rejection by government organizations and mainstream science, and the current state of this research in the U.S. and other countries around the world. During a question and answer session, attendees discuss other forms of alternative energy, like nuclear fission and electrolysis. \n\nKen Shoulders' presentation is about his approach to research in general and his experience running a business outside of mainstream science, but he also covers the specific events that lead to his discovery of charge clusters and the potential energy source he calls Electrum Validum (EV). ","description_html":"<p>These presentations are from an unnamed gathering of researchers interested in alternative energy sources, held in 1997. Hal Fox discusses the history of cold fusion research in the United States, including its rejection by government organizations and mainstream science, and the current state of this research in the U.S. and other countries around the world. During a question and answer session, attendees discuss other forms of alternative energy, like nuclear fission and electrolysis. </p>\n\n<p>Ken Shoulders' presentation is about his approach to research in general and his experience running a business outside of mainstream science, but he also covers the specific events that lead to his discovery of charge clusters and the potential energy source he calls Electrum Validum (EV). </p>","published_at":"2026-10-12T21:07:29Z","updated_at":"2026-10-12T21:07:29Z","creator":[{"category":"creator_of_work","value":"Shoulders, Kenneth R."},{"category":"creator_of_work","value":"Fox, Hal, 1923-2012"}],"date_of_work":[{"start":"1997","start_qualifier":"","finish":"","finish_qualifier":"","note":"","formatted":"1997"}],"place":[],"inscription":[],"related_link":[],"additional_credit":[],"physical_container":{"box":"16E","folder":"","volume":"","part":"","page":"","shelfmark":"","reel":"","formatted":"Box 16E"}}