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Chemical structure of a benzene ring

  • 1867

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The illustration on this page is believed to be the earliest depiction of the chemical structure of a benzene ring.

This German work by August Kekulé (1829-1896) outlines his discoveries on the structure of benzene. An early founder of structural organic chemistry, Kekulé's benzene ring structure research resulted in advancements in organic chemistry as well as the development of the aniline dye industry.

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  • 502 pages
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  • Courtesy of Science History Institute

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Scientific Biography
August Kekulé and Archibald Scott Couper

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Kekulé August. “Chemical Structure of a Benzene Ring.” Chemie Der Benzolderivate Oder Der Aromatischen Substanzen. Erlangen, Germany: F. Enke, 1867. https://digital.sciencehistory.org/works/1j92g8568.

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The Science History Institute recognizes there are materials in our collections that may be offensive or harmful, containing racist, sexist, Eurocentric, ableist, or homophobic language or depictions. The history of science is not exempt from beliefs or practices harmful to traditionally marginalized groups. The Institute is engaged in ongoing efforts to responsibly present and address the evidence of oppression and injustice inextricable from the history of science. If you would like to learn more about our ongoing efforts or if you encounter harmful, inaccurate, or insufficient descriptions, please contact us at digital@sciencehistory.org.