This digital collection features a broad spectrum of materials related to water quality, testing, and analysis, including advertisements, museum objects, oral history interviews, photographs, and print materials. Other subjects represented in the collection include distillation and filtration, water-power, water-hardness and softening, and the extraction of magnesium from seawater.
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Plate 100: Device for draining water from a swamp or foundation by river current
- 1588
Mechanics: undershot waterwheel; horizontal crankshaft; force pump; horizontal working beam; crank and connecting rod.
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Plate 101: Device for draining water from a swamp or pool by river current
- 1588
Mechanics: undershot waterwheel; Archimedean screw; angle spur gears; lantern and crown gear.
- Author Ramelli, Agostino, 1531-approximately 1600
- Subject Water-power, Water-wheels, Machinery
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Plate 10: Single-person-operated device for drawing water from a well
- 1588
Mechanics: hand crank; force pump; double interrupted crown gears and lantern gear; worm and worm gear; lantern and rack; flywheel; roller guides.
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Plate 111: Cofferdam used to drain relatively high water
- 1588
Workmen use buckets to drain water from the section walled off by the cofferdam in order to secure foundations for construction.
- Author Ramelli, Agostino, 1531-approximately 1600
- Subject Cofferdams, Machinery, Water
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Plate 112: Cofferdam used to drain relatively low water
- 1588
Workmen use shadoofs, counterweighted buckets on poles, to drain water from the section walled off by the cofferdam in order to secure foundations for construction.
Mechanics: shadoof.
- Author Ramelli, Agostino, 1531-approximately 1600
- Subject Cofferdams, Machinery, Water
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Plate 113: Grain mill powered by channel current
- 1588
Mechanics: undershot waterwheel; spur gear and lantern; lantern and crown gear.
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Plate 115: Grain mill powered by channel running off an elevated pool
- 1588
Mechanics: horizontal waterwheel; spur gear and lantern.
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Plate 116: Grain mill powered by water running off an elevated pool or fountain
- 1588
The water is then pumped back to the source.
Mechanics: overshot waterwheel; horizontal crankshaft; force pump; lantern and crown gear; crank and connecting rod.
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Plate 117: Grain mill powered by river current
- 1588
Millstone can be raised and lowered by screws to accommodate change in river levels. Boards attached to beam S, which can be raised or lowered, modulate the river's force through the mill.
Mechanics: undershot…
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Plate 118: Grain mill powered by channel current
- 1588
Millstone can be raised and lowered by a lever.
Mechanics: undershot waterwheel; lantern and crown gear.
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Plate 119: Grain mill powered by channel current
- 1588
Millstone can be raised or lowered by a wedge. This mill grinds and sifts flour at same time.
Mechanics: overshot waterwheel; lantern and crown gear.
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Plate 120: Grain mill powered by water current or horse
- 1588
Millstone can be raised and lowered by counterweights.
Mechanics: horse whim; spur gear and lantern.
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Plate 12: Single-person-operated device for drawing water from a well
- 1588
Mechanics: internal vertical treadwheel; force pump; conical valve; double interrupted crown gears and lantern gear; worm and worm gear; horizontal working beam.
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Plate 135: Double mill to grind grain and cut stone, powered by channel current
- 1588
Mechanics: overshot waterwheel; horizontal waterwheel; machine crank; spur gear and lantern; worm and worm gear; lantern and crown gear.
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Plate 136: Timber sawmill to cut wood and make boards, powered by canal current
- 1588
Mechanics: undershot waterwheel; machine crank; bell crank; roller guides.
- Author Ramelli, Agostino, 1531-approximately 1600
- Subject Water-power, Sawmills, Machinery
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Plate 137: Mill to run bellows in double iron forge, powered by canal current
- 1588
The parallel reciprocating bars used in this device are also known as stangenkunst.
Mechanics: undershot waterwheel; machine crank; bell crank; parallelogram linkage; parallel reciprocating bars.
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Plate 13: Device for raising water from a river, marsh, or fountain by river or canal current
- 1588
Mechanics: horizontal submerged waterwheel; toroidal force pump; conical valve; interrupted crown gear and lanterns; worm and worm gear.
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Plate 14: Single-person-operated device for drawing water from a well
- 1588
Mechanics: hand crank; toroidal lift pump; flap valve; worm and worm gear.
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Plate 15: Device for raising water by river current
- 1588
Mechanics: undershot waterwheel; toroidal force pump; flap valve; double interrupted crown gears and lantern gear; lantern and crown gear; roller guides.
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Plate 16: Single-person-operated device for drawing water from a well
- 1588
The fountain is elaborately decorated with dolphins, their tails entwined.
Mechanics: hand crank; force pump; flap valve; double interrupted crown gears and lantern gear; spur gear and lantern; horizontal working beam.
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Plate 17: Device for raising water from a low place by river or canal current
- 1588
Mechanics: horizontal submerged waterwheel; force pump; conical valve; double interrupted crown gears and lantern gear; spur gear and lantern; horizontal working beam.
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Plate 18: Single-person-operated device for drawing water from a well
- 1588
Mechanics: hand crank; force pump; conical valve; double interrupted crown gears and lantern gear; spur gear and lantern; flywheel.
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Plate 19: Device for raising water from a low place by river or canal current
- 1588
Mechanics: undershot waterwheel; force pump; conical valve; interrupted spur gear and racks; horizontal working beam; roller guides.
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Plate 1: Device for raising water from a river or fountain by river current
- 1588
Mechanics: undershot waterwheel; force pump; conical valve; double interrupted crown gears and lantern gear; double worm and reversing racks; motion converter (rotating to linear); roller guides.
