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Women and Science

356 items

This digital collection features materials related to notable women scientists, including Marie Curie, Irène Joliot-Curie, Bettye Washington Greene, Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, Stephanie Kwolek, and Rosalyn Yalow, as well as images of women working in a variety of laboratory and industrial settings. The collection also includes a range of materials related to women's health, including breast pumps, contraceptives, and mammary sizers.

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Current results range from 1789 to 2021

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  • [Missing]3

  • Women in science188
  • Women employees147
  • Employees120
  • Corporations84
  • Scientific apparatus and instruments70
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  • Pew Charitable Trusts60
  • Hercules Incorporated33
  • Perkin-Elmer Corporation28
  • Fitton, Elizabeth21
  • Fitton, Sarah Mary21
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  • Photographs165
  • Oral histories107
  • Rare books23
  • Lithographs20
  • Publications16
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  • Image216
  • Text145
  • Sound104
  • Physical Object11
  • Mixed Material3
  • Moving Image2

  • Paper5
  • Cotton3
  • Glass3
  • 16mm (photographic film size)2
  • Polyester2
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  • England--London23
  • Illinois--Chicago22
  • New York (State)--Esopus--Port Ewen21
  • Pennsylvania--Philadelphia15
  • New York (State)--New York9
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  • English162
  • German9
  • French7
  • Spanish2
  • Hindi1
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  • No Known Copyright109
  • Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License107
  • Public Domain Mark 1.059
  • In Copyright - Rights-holder(s) Unlocatable or Unidentifiable36
  • No Copyright - United States26
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  • Archives198
  • Center for Oral History107
  • Library35
  • Museum16
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  • Photographs

    Beckman Model D Oxygen Meter in use with an infant's incubator

    • 1950s

    Los Angeles County General Hospital nurse Mary Finlay is monitoring the oxygen levels of a prematurely born infant in an incubator, to provide just the right oxygen mixture. Too little oxygen has obvious repercussions,…

    • Photographer Preston E. Mitchell Commercial Photography
    • Subject Los Angeles County General Hospital, Hospitals, Oxygen--Measurement, Newborn infants--Medical care, Infants, Women in medicine, Beckman Instruments, inc.
  • Photographs

    Beckman Model D Oxygen Meter in use with an infant's incubator

    • Circa 1959

    This nurse is monitoring the oxygen levels of a prematurely born infant in an incubator, to provide just the right oxygen mixture. Too little oxygen has obvious repercussions, but until the 1950s doctors did not realize…

    • Photographer Kassler Studios
    • Subject Hospitals, Oxygen--Measurement, Newborn infants--Medical care, Infants, Women in medicine, Beckman Instruments, inc.
  • Photographs

    Beckman D2 Oxygen Meter in use with an infant's incubator

    • 1950s

    This nurse is monitoring the oxygen levels of a prematurely born infant in an incubator, to provide just the right oxygen mixture. Too little oxygen has obvious repercussions, but until the 1950s doctors did not realize…

    • Subject Hospitals, Oxygen--Measurement, Newborn infants--Medical care, Infants, Women in medicine, Beckman Instruments, inc.
  • Photographs

    Beckman D-2 Oxygen Meter in use in a hospital nursery

    • Circa 1960

    Los Angeles County General Hospital nurse Mary Finlay is monitoring the oxygen levels of a prematurely born infant in an incubator, to provide just the right oxygen mixture. Too little oxygen has obvious repercussions,…

    • Photographer Preston E. Mitchell Commercial Photography
    • Subject Los Angeles County General Hospital, Hospitals, Oxygen--Measurement, Newborn infants--Medical care, Infants, Women in medicine, Beckman Instruments, inc.
  • Photographs

    Chemistry students in laboratory, circa 1910

    • Circa 1910

    Photograph depicting male and female chemistry students in a laboratory at an unidentified school or college. The students are grouped around several laboratory stations and are seen using test tubes and Bunsen burners…

    • Subject Women in science, Science--Study and teaching, Laboratories, Laboratories--Equipment and supplies, Students, Chemistry--Study and teaching
  • Photographs

    Wilson College chemistry club

    • Circa 1937

    Group photograph depicting members of the chemistry club at Wilson College in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. The group consists of nine women gathered around a table while observing one member pouring an unknown substance…

    • Subject Women in science, Science--Study and teaching, Women college students, College students, Laboratories--Equipment and supplies, Students, Chemistry--Study and teaching, Wilson College (Chambersburg, Pa.)
  • Photographs

    Group portrait of chemistry students, circa 1900

    • Circa 1900

    Photograph depicting a group of male and female chemistry students at an unknown school or college. The students are posed holding assorted laboratory equipment and glassware. Some of the female students are also…

    • Subject Women in science, Science--Study and teaching, Laboratories--Equipment and supplies, Students, Chemistry--Study and teaching, Glassware
  • Photographs

    Eleanor Vadala and C.A. Cassola working with radioactive material at Aeronautical Materials Laboratory

    • 1959-Dec-10

    Color photograph of Eleanor Vadala, Chemist, and C.A. Cassola, Division Superintendent, working with a barrel of radioactive material at the Naval Air Material Center's Aeronautical Materials Laboratory. Ms. Vadala…

    • Creator Of Work United States. Navy, Naval Air Engineering Center (U.S.)
    • Subject Women in science, Aerospace Research Laboratories (U.S.), Employees, Scientific apparatus and instruments, Radiation, Women employees, Naval Air Engineering Center (U.S.), Women chemists, Chemists, Vadala, Eleanor, 1923-
  • Photographs

    Eleanor Vadala with Gammacell 220 at the Naval Air Material Center

    • Circa 1958

    Eleanor Vadala, chemist, demonstrating use of the Gammacell 220, a textile chemistry machine, at the Naval Air Material Center's Aerospace Materials Laboratory. The Gammacell 220 is a source of Cobalt-60 gamma…

    • Addressee Naval Air Engineering Center (U.S.)
    • Creator Of Work United States. Navy
    • Subject Women in science, Aerospace Research Laboratories (U.S.), Employees, Textile machinery, Radiation, Machinery, Naval Air Engineering Center (U.S.), Cobalt--Isotopes, Women employees, Women chemists, Chemists, Vadala, Eleanor, 1923-
  • Photographs

    Eleanor Vadala and Dr. Earl Hayes at the Naval Air Material Center

    • 1959-Mar-19

    Eleanor Vadala, chemist, and Dr. Earl Hayes, U.S. Defense Department, examining a display of airship fabric produced at the Naval Air Material Center. Ms. Vadala demonstrates the threads on an airship model while Dr.…

    • Creator Of Work United States. Navy, Naval Air Engineering Center (U.S.)
    • Subject Women in science, Aerospace Research Laboratories (U.S.), Airships--Design and construction, Airships, Polymers, Women chemists, Naval Air Engineering Center (U.S.), Chemists, Vadala, Eleanor, 1923-
  • Photographs

    Laboratory staff examines first batches of new polymers

    • 1968-Apr-19

    Laboratory staff in the High Polymer Division of the Naval Air Engineering Center's Aeromaterials Laboratory examining the first batches of new NARPOL polymers used to coat aircraft metals. The individuals in the…

    • Creator Of Work United States. Navy, Naval Air Engineering Center (U.S.)
    • Subject Aerospace Research Laboratories (U.S.), Employees, Laboratories, Polymers, Women employees, Naval Air Engineering Center (U.S.)
  • Photographs

    Award presentation in honor of Sally J. Ketcham

    • Circa 1965

    Award ceremony in honor of Sally J. Ketcham, Metallurgist at the Naval Air Engineering Center located in Johnsville, Pennsylvania. The individuals in the photograph are identified as follows (from left): J. Hartley…

    • Creator Of Work United States. Navy, Naval Air Engineering Center (U.S.)
    • Subject Women in science, Aerospace Research Laboratories (U.S.), Employees, Award presentations, Women employees, Naval Air Engineering Center (U.S.)
  • Photographs

    Woman injecting a sample into a Beckman Model E Centrifuge component

    • 1950s

    Beckman Instruments began producing centrifuges after their January 1, 1955 acquisition of industry leader, Specialized Instruments Corporation, or Spinco. With Spinco came the famous Model E Ultracentrifuge, which was…

    • Photographer Illig, Russell
    • Subject Women in science, Scientific apparatus and instruments, Centrifuges, Syringes, Beckman Instruments, inc.
  • Photographs

    Helipot Division: Workshop

    • 1970s

    Women employees and technicians assemble Helipot products at benches. The Helipot Division of Beckman Instruments mostly produced potentiometers and other electrical components.

    Potentiometers regulate the flow of…

    • Creator Of Work Beckman Instruments, inc.
    • Subject Electronic industries, Workshops, Potentiometer, Beckman Instruments, inc., Women employees
  • Photographs

    Helipot Division: Workshop

    • 1970s

    Women employees and technicians assemble Helipot products at benches. The Helipot Division of Beckman Instruments mostly produced potentiometers and other electrical components.

    Potentiometers regulate the flow of…

    • Creator Of Work Beckman Instruments, inc.
    • Subject Electronic industries, Workshops, Potentiometer, Beckman Instruments, inc., Women employees
  • Photographs

    Beckman Model C2 Oxygen Analyzer

    • 1970s

    This oxygen analyzer is being used to ensure food safety by measuring the oxygen content of the headspace inside food packaging. Oxygen readings that are too high could indicate an environment that encourages the growth…

    • Photographer Armstrong & Hess
    • Subject Scientific apparatus and instruments, Oxygen--Measurement, Food--Packaging--Safety measures, Beckman Instruments, inc., Women employees, Employees, African Americans, African American men
  • Business correspondence

    Letter from Irène Joliot-Curie to Monsieur [Raymond] Delaby

    • 1947-Mar-07

    Letter from Irène Joliot-Curie (1897-1956) to Raymond Delaby (1891-1958), general-secretary of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) concerning the appointment of Norwegian radiochemist Ellen…

    • Author Joliot-Curie, Irène, 1897-1956
    • Contributor International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
    • Addressee Delaby, Raymond
    • Subject Joliot-Curie, Irène, 1897-1956, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Nobel Prize winners, Women Nobel Prize winners, Women chemists, Women in science, Gleditsch, Ellen, 1879-1968
  • Business correspondence

    Letter from Marie Curie to the President of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)

    • 1930-Oct-31

    Letter from Marie Curie (1867-1934) to Einar Biilman, President of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) concerning an invitation to serve on IUPAC's Commission on Atomic Weights. Curie expresses…

    • Author Curie, Marie, 1867-1934
    • Contributor International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
    • Subject Curie, Marie, 1867-1934, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Nobel Prize winners, Women Nobel Prize winners, Women chemists, Women in science
  • Photographs

    Beckman Model 210 Systems Analyzer

    • Circa 1960

    This transistorized data processor was made for Aerojet Corporation in the early 1960s. It was produced by Beckman Instruments' Systems Division, which made (among other things) aerospace industry instruments like these…

    • Photographer Farish, Fred W.
    • Subject Electronic data processing, Radio telemetry, Women in advertising, Beckman Instruments, inc., Aerospace telemetry, Women employees
  • Photographs

    Woman using a Beckman|Spinco Spectrophotometer

    • Circa 1955

    The unidentified woman in this photograph is using a small, unidentified model of a Beckman/Spinco spectrophotometer.

    • Photographer Connell, William
    • Subject Women in science, Beckman Instruments, inc. Spinco Division, Scientific apparatus and instruments, Spectrophotometer, Beckman Instruments, inc., Employees, Women employees
  • Photographs, Negatives (Photographs)

    Two models standing on plank of Styrofoam

    • 1949

    View of two female models standing on a plank of Dow Chemical Company Styrofoam to demonstrate the product's sturdiness and durability. Several boxes of Styrofoam products are visible in the background.

    Invented in…

    • Contributor Dow Chemical Company
    • Subject Dow Chemical Company, Women in advertising, Foam, Advertising, Polystyrene, Women employees
  • Photographs

    Termatrex Information Retrieval System in use at Crompton & Knowles Research Center

    • 1966

    View of a secretary using a Termatrex Information Retrieval System at the Crompton & Knowles Research Center in Gibraltar, Pennsylvania. The system utilized punch-cards and a chemical identification code devised by…

    • Contributor Feeman, James
    • Subject Dye industry, Employees, Research, Industrial, Crompton & Knowles Corporation, Information storage and retrieval systems, Women employees
  • Photographs

    Printing Department at the Althouse Customer Service Laboratory

    • 1951

    General view of the Printing Department at the Althouse Chemical Company Customer Service and Quality Control Laboratory in Reading, Pennsylvania. Omer Bixler (left) is seen cutting fabric samples while technicians near…

    • Contributor Feeman, James
    • Creator Of Work Tenschert Commercial Photo Studio
    • Subject Dye industry, Employees, Dyes and dyeing, Althouse Chemical Company, Women employees
  • Photographs

    Printing Department at the Althouse Customer Service Laboratory

    • 1951

    General view of the Printing Department at the Althouse Chemical Company Customer Service and Quality Control Laboratory in Reading, Pennsylvania. Omer Bixler (left) is seen cutting fabric samples while technicians near…

    • Contributor Feeman, James
    • Subject Dye industry, Employees, Dyes and dyeing, Althouse Chemical Company, Women employees
  • Photographs

    Dyeing technicians at Althouse Customer Service Laboratory

    • 1952

    View of dyeing technicians working in the Customer Service and Quality Control Laboratory at the Althouse Chemical Company plant in Reading, Pennsylvania. The technicians are engaged in a skein dyeing process whereby…

    • Contributor Feeman, James
    • Subject Dye industry, Employees, Dyes and dyeing, Dyes and dyeing--Equipment and supplies, Althouse Chemical Company, Research, Industrial--Laboratories, Women employees
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